我正在尝试检查等待/通知在 java 中的工作方式.

I'm trying to check how wait/notify works in java.

代码:

public class Tester {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyRunnable r = new MyRunnable();
        Thread t = new Thread(r);
        t.start();
        synchronized (t) {
            try {
                System.out.println("wating for t to complete");
                t.wait();
                System.out.println("wait over");
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

class MyRunnable implements Runnable {
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("entering run method");
        synchronized (this) {
            System.out.println("entering syncronised block");
            notify();
            try {
                Thread.currentThread().sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("leaving syncronized block");
        }
        System.out.println("leaving run method");
    }
}

输出返回

wating for t to complete
entering run method
entering syncronised block
//sleep called
leaving syncronized block
leaving run method
wait over

我期待在执行 notify() 时等待将结束 &System.out.println("wait over"); 将被打印出来.但它似乎只有在 t 完成它的 run() 时才会被打印出来.

I was expecting when notify() is executed the wait will be over & System.out.println("wait over"); will get printed. But it seems it only gets printed when t finished its run().

推荐答案

对象监控锁需要执行同一个锁的单引用...

Object monitor locks need to be performed a single reference of the same lock...

在您的示例中，您在 Thread 的实例上 waiting，但使用 Runnable 中的 notify.相反，您应该使用单个通用锁对象...例如

In your example you are waiting on an instance of the Thread, but using notify from the Runnable. Instead, you should use a single, common lock object...for example

public class Tester {

    public static final Object LOCK = new Object();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyRunnable r = new MyRunnable();
        Thread t = new Thread(r);
        t.start();
        synchronized (LOCK) {
            try {
                System.out.println("wating for t to complete");
                LOCK.wait();
                System.out.println("wait over");
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public static class MyRunnable implements Runnable {

        public void run() {
            System.out.println("entering run method");
            synchronized (LOCK) {
                System.out.println("entering syncronised block");
                LOCK.notify();
                try {
                    Thread.currentThread().sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                System.out.println("leaving syncronized block");
            }
            System.out.println("leaving run method");
        }
    }
}

输出...

wating for t to complete
entering run method
entering syncronised block
leaving syncronized block
wait over
leaving run method

wait over 和 leaving run method 可以根据线程调度改变位置.

wait over and leaving run method could change positions depending on the thread scheduling.

您可以尝试将睡眠放在 synchronized 块的一侧.这将释放监视器锁，允许 wait 部分继续运行(因为在释放锁之前它无法启动)

You could try putting the sleep out side the synchronized block. This will release the monitor lock allowing the wait section to continue running (as it can't start until the lock is released)

    public static class MyRunnable implements Runnable {

        public void run() {
            System.out.println("entering run method");
            synchronized (LOCK) {
                System.out.println("entering syncronised block");
                LOCK.notify();
                System.out.println("leaving syncronized block");
            }
            try {
                Thread.currentThread().sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("leaving run method");
        }
    }