长城导游词_长城导游词
长城导游词
长城
导游
词以下的一段来自一名长城
导游
的精彩导游
词，希望你能喜欢。大家好，今天我带大家去游览万里长城，我很高兴，希望大家也要保持一个愉快的心情。
现在，我们已经来到万里长城。大家请注意，不要在城墙上乱涂乱画，不要乱扔垃圾，以免给后来的游人留下不好的印象。
我来介绍一下万里长城吧!万里长城始建于公元前5世纪春秋
战国
时期，当时，诸侯国们为了防御各国互相攻打，所以修筑了万里长城。公元3世纪，秦始皇统一了中国，派蒙田率领三十万大军北击匈奴后，为了防御匈奴再次攻打秦国，所以把原来分段的长城连接起来，筑成西起临洮，东至辽东的万里长城。其后历代不断维修扩建，到公元前17世纪中叶明代末年，前后修筑了二千多年。现在的万里长城多指明代修建的长城，它西起甘肃的嘉峪关，东到辽东的鸭绿江边。其中山海关至鸭绿江边一段约长二千公里，现已全部毁坏，但山海关到嘉峪关一段，大部分仍然保存下来。城墙平均宽五米，可容五马并骑，十人并行。内侧砌成高约一点五米的矮墙，外侧砌成高约一点五米的墙垛，墙上的了望口是用来了望敌军军情的，射击眼是用来架枪和
和大炮来射击用的，排水沟和吐水嘴是用来排水的。在关口和险要的地方设有凸出的罗城，
还有供传递军情的烽火台。这些设施就在这儿，大家可以摸一摸、观察观察。
大家请沿着万里长城向前看，就会发现万里长城规模宏大。一次修筑用的砖石如果用
来修筑一道厚一米，高五米的长墙，这道长墙足以环绕地球一周而余;如果用来修筑宽五
米，厚三十五厘米的马路，那就要环绕地球三四周。如果包括历代的重修和补筑，那工程
总量就要增加许多倍了。因此，以工程的艰巨浩大，则要居世界七大奇迹之首，为世界人
民所瞩目。现以列入《世界遗产名录》，是重点保护的文物。
万里长城是人类历史上耗费人力最大，时间最久，物资最多的建筑，它是一座稀世珍
宝和艺术非凡的文物古迹，万里长城像征着中华人民的坚不可摧、永存于世的意志和力量，
是中华人民的骄傲，是整个人类的骄傲。
好了，这次旅游就到这里，再见了，万里长城。
导游
词是导游
人员引导游
客观光游览时的讲解词，是导游
员同游客交流思想，向游客传播文化知识的工具。精彩而温馨导游
词可以拉近与游客之间的距离。给大家推荐的导游
词，你觉得如何呢?
长城导游词
游客们：大家好！
欢迎
大家来到长城。我是你们的导游
徐星月。我们现在看到的这一段叫八达岭长城。长城建于公元前5世纪春秋代，全长六千多公里。
长城横亘中国北方辽阔的土地上，宛如一条巨龙盘旋于起伏的群山之颠，气势磅礴，庄严雄伟。那为什么要修建长城呢？原来
战国
时明灭元后，为了防止蒙古人卷古重来，从建朝第一年起，花了一百多年时间才基本完成建筑长城工程。长城非常高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，大约五六匹马可以并行。城墙外沿有两米多高的垛子，垛子上有两个小口，供了望和射击用。没隔三百多米就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的堡垒，打仗时可以互相呼应。据说长城还有一个美丽的传说呢！别急，听我一一道来。孟姜女的丈夫被秦始皇抓去造长城了，为了这件事，孟姜女哭得像个泪人似的。过了几年，她丈夫没有传话给她，孟姜女决定去找丈夫。孟姜女一路上费尽了千心万苦，终于来到了长城。她找呀找，找呀找，还是没有找到丈夫，她问了工友们，工友们说：范喜良已经死了，尸首被拉去镇城脚了。孟姜女听了，一阵心酸，大哭起来，哭得天昏地暗，连天地都感动了。天越来越阴沉，风越来越猛烈，只听哗啦一声，长城倒了，范喜良的尸首露出来了。孟姜女非常伤心，纵身跳进波涛滚滚的大海。
大家一定要保护长城，给以后游览长城的人作榜样。我介绍完了，大家尽情的去玩吧！
浙江省平湖市新埭中心小学四年级：徐星月
长城导游词
各位游客：大家好！
我是向阳旅行社的
导游
，我姓薛，叫薛雨坤，大家可以叫我小薛。今天有幸陪大家一起参观，我非常高兴，并代表八达岭景区的导游
，对您的到来表示欢迎
，希望您能在这里度过一段美好的时光。在到长城之前，我先给大家简单介绍一下。长城是我国有名的文化遗产之一，它在我国北方辽阔的土地上蜿蜒盘旋。可以说，长城是劳动人民用血汗和智慧建筑的。
各位，现在我们就来到了着名的八达岭长城。请大家在旅游中不要乱扔果皮和纸屑，谢谢合作！好，请大家往下看，这是由两个门洞和u字形城墙组成的翁城。在翁城城墙上，内外两面都有垛口墙，可以四面御敌。
大家知道这里为什么叫八达岭吗？我来告诉大家吧，这里南通昌平、北京，北去延庆，西北往宣化、张家口。路从此分，四通八达。八达岭也因此得名。
好，我们接着往右下方看，在登城口的南侧陈列着一门大炮，名为神威大将军。这门大炮，炮身长2。85米，口径105毫米，最大射程是500多米，由此可见，当时的军工业是比较发达的。好，请大家在此合个影，半小时后，我们在北8楼集合。
各位朋友，休息过的你们是精神焕发啊！好，下面小薛就带您接着往下走。这就是北8楼，它是八达岭长城海拔最高的楼，高达888.9米，建筑也很有特色。原来我们还可以登上敌楼观山望景，很可惜，目前为了保护文物而把楼门给封了。
今日的长城，深深吸引着广大中外游客，成为了举世闻名的旅游胜地。当然，今天的旅游已经结束了，但您下次来时，一定还要找我小薛来当您
导游
哦！长春市第一实验银河小学四年级：薛雨坤
长城的导游词
各位游客们，我是你们的
导游
章导。今天，我要带领大家浏览世界遗产之一长城。
现在我们的车已经行驶在去长城的路上了，请大家欣赏两旁风景如画的美丽景色。
我们现在已经来到了长城，让我来为大家讲讲关于长城的资料吧！
长始始建于春秋
战国
时期，历史达2000多年，总长度达5千万米以上。今天我们所指的万里长城多指明代修建的长城，它西起甘肃的嘉峪关，东到辽宁的鸭绿江边，长635万米。大家往远处看，它像一条矫健的巨龙，越群山，经绝壁，穿草原，跨沙漠，起伏在崇山峻岭之巅。长城是一座稀世珍宝和艺术非凡的文物古迹，它像征着中华民族坚不可摧永存于世的意志和力量，是中华民族的骄傲，所有人的自豪。请大家在活动时注意安全！
现在让我为大家讲个关于长城的故事。长城起伏盘旋，纵横飞舞，延绵万里，它的一砖一石一关一城都是古代人民工程技术和建筑艺术的结晶，是血汗与智慧的凝洁。龙化身为长城的督造，在修建最险要的鹰飞倒仰十八蹬时，屡建屡塌。百般无奈，寻找童贞女子祭城。凤化身为村姑九莲自愿献身。为建长城，龙与凤再次经历生离死别。龙在九莲献祭的长城墙基下得到了象征土的玉佩。
毛主席笔下曾经写了一首赞扬长城的诗，现在就让我为大家
朗诵
一下：清平乐六盘山
毛泽东
天高云淡，
望断南飞燕。
不到长城非好汉，
屈指行程二万。
六盘山上高峰，
红旗漫卷西风。
今日长缨在手，
何时缚苍龙？
这首诗是为了感慨长城宏伟的气势而写的。
今天的观光浏览就要结束了，在长城的这段时光希望能成为您北京之旅中的永恒记忆。
温州市蒲鞋市小学（龟湖校区）四年级：章嫣恬
悬壁长城导游词
悬壁长城古称断壁长城，位于嘉峪关关城以北、石关坪口北侧的黑山东坡，是肃州西长城的北端。石关峡口是古代通往西域的一处隘口，素以天险著称。这段长城因城墙自山上陡跌而下，在山脊上如长城倒挂，铁壁悬空，向下伸展封锁了石关峡口而得名。悬壁长城又被人们称为"西部八达岭"。
悬壁长城原长1.5公里，始建于明嘉靖十八年（公元1539年），完成于嘉靖十九年（公元1540年）。建长城所用的材料是就地取的石片和黄土，分层垒砌而成，叫做石片夹沙墙。现存这段长城长750米，从戈壁蜿蜒伸向陡峭险竣的黑山山腰，险峻处如攀绝壁。
( · · ·)
悬壁长城曾于1987年重修，并在墙头增筑垛墙和宇墙，首尾各添一墩台，为便于游人攀登，还在首墩和山坡上修筑了台阶式墁首。
万里长城导游词
大家好，今天我带大家去游览万里长城，我很高兴，希望大家也要保持一个愉快的心情。
现在，我们已经来到万里长城。大家请注意，不要在城墙上乱涂乱画，不要乱扔垃圾，以免给后来的游人留下不好的印象。
我来介绍一下万里长城吧！万里长城始建于公元前5世纪春秋
战国
时期，当时，诸侯国们为了防御各国互相攻打，所以修筑了万里长城。公元3世纪，秦始皇统一了中国，派蒙田率领三十万大军北击匈奴后，为了防御匈奴再次攻打秦国，所以把原来分段的长城连接起来，筑成西起临洮，东至辽东的万里长城。其后历代不断维修扩建，到公元前17世纪中叶明代末年，前后修筑了二千多年。现在的万里长城多指明代修建的长城，它西起甘肃的嘉峪关，东到辽东的鸭绿江边。其中山海关至鸭绿江边一段约长二千公里，现已全部毁坏，但山海关到嘉峪关一段，大部分仍然保存下来。城墙平均宽五米，可容五马并骑，十人并行。内侧砌成高约一点五米的矮墙，外侧砌成高约一点五米的墙垛，墙上的了望口是用来了望敌军军情的，射击眼是用来架枪和
和大炮来射击用的，排水沟和吐水嘴是用来排水的。在关口和险要的地方设有凸出的罗城，
还有供传递军情的烽火台。这些设施就在这儿，大家可以摸一摸、观察观察。
大家请沿着万里长城向前看，就会发现万里长城规模宏大。一次修筑用的砖石如果用
来修筑一道厚一米，高五米的长墙，这道长墙足以环绕地球一周而余；如果用来修筑宽五
米，厚三十五厘米的马路，那就要环绕地球三四周。如果包括历代的重修和补筑，那工程
总量就要增加许多倍了。因此，以工程的艰巨浩大，则要居世界七大奇迹之首，为世界人
民所瞩目。现以列入《世界遗产名录》，是重点保护的文物。
万里长城是人类历史上耗费人力最大，时间最久，物资最多的建筑，它是一座稀世珍
宝和艺术非凡的文物古迹，万里长城像征着中华人民的坚不可摧、永存于世的意志和力量，
是中华人民的骄傲，是整个人类的骄傲。
好了，这次旅游就到这里，再见了，万里长城。
金山岭长城导游词
(金山岭长城停车场）
朋友们：你们好！
现在展现在我们面前的，就是闻名中外的金山岭长城。有人说，要看长城之长，上金山岭；要看长城之雄伟，也上金山岭。此话十分有道理。
现在我们所处的位置，在河北省滦平县境内。金山岭长城是北京密云县与河北滦平县的交界线。它西起龙峪口，东到望京楼，全长10.5公里，沿线设有大小关隘5处，67座敌楼，2座烽火台，1988年1月被国务院公布为全国重点文物保护单位。1991年它被国家定为一级旅游景点、国家级风景区。
(停车场至砖垛口的道上）
金山岭长城，始建于北齐，那时为土石结构，单调低矮。十五世纪中叶，明王朝国力由强转弱，北方蒙古族鞑靼、朵颜等各部乘机南侵，京都受到威胁，于是
明朝
廷决定重修这一段在军事上有重大意义的长城。隆庆元年（公元1567年）明穆宗把抗倭名将戚继光由闽浙调到北方戍边，任命为蓟州总兵。戚继光率部队士兵与当地民夫，对东起山海关、西至镇边（昌平县境），1000公里的原有长城，普遍进行了改建和重建。边墙城体加宽加高，要冲地段修筑双层的城墙。又在全线修筑1000多座高大坚固的敌楼（又叫敌台或空心敌台）。在戚继光任职的十四年间，就基本完成了这一浩大的工程。在后来的数十年里，明王朝又不断地调兵选将，加以修缮，使它形成一道城墙高峙，战垒林立，能守能攻的坚固防线。金山岭长城，就是其中最突出的一段。这段长城及所属设施都是砖石结构，气势雄伟，旧貌依然。经专家鉴定，是我国万里长城的精华之所在。金山岭长城充分体现了戚继光“因地制宜，用险制塞”的建筑思想。因此，这段长城设施完备、构筑坚实，布局严谨，攻守兼备。长城沿线的沟壑要冲都设有关口，既能出关巡逻，又可对敌人实行迂回包抄。主要关口加设防线，修筑重墙，山巅上还设烽火台。长城主墙与敌楼挽臂相连，互为一体。一些重要地段往往在主墙道上加设九至十多道障墙。
总观金山岭长城，城关相连，敌楼相望，处处布防，道道设险。遇有战争，烽火传递军情，全线严阵以待。战事和平，沿线驻军可在附近坡地屯田，自筹军粮。
(砖垛口前）
各位朋友，现在我们要进的这个关口叫砖垛口，游人一般都从这里的砖梯登上长城。
据考证，早在北齐时期，就在这里建筑一个关口。戚继光主持修筑金山岭长城时，又在这里重建了这个砖垛口。
砖垛口历来为兵家必争之地。从这一带长城上发现的火炮、手雷、石雷、箭头等武器来看，
明朝
时这里战事不少。近一个世纪，也有大的战事发生。1933年，东北军张学良的部队，曾经在这里与日本侵略军进行过多次激烈战斗。1948年夏天，北京解放前夕，解放军进攻古北口没有成功。然后改从砖垛口，龙峪口等长城上的关口突破，包抄古北口国民党守军的营地，很快歼灭了敌军，打开了古北口通道。（手指文字砖）大家请看，这是十分珍贵的文字砖。在这里能见到的并不多，而在将军楼和大狐顶楼中间，500米的城墙上，这种文字砖就多了。这些砖上面主要记载了当年修筑这段长城的年代以及部队番号，如“万历四年震虏骑兵营造”、“万历五年山东左营造”、“万历六年振武右营造”等等。这些文字用楷书或隶书写在砖坯上，烧制而成。著名长城专家朱希元介绍说，这段文字砖长城，在中国万里长城上是独一无二的。文字砖具有很高的文物价值和观赏价值。
张家口旅游
导游
词 ·山海关导游
词 ·秦皇岛祖山导游
词 ·北戴河导游
词 ·角山导游
词(在砖垛口至东方台的长城上）
漫步在长城上，只要您稍加留心，就会发现一些有趣而独特的东西。
长城底部用条石奠基，上部用长方形青砖包砌，中间用土、沙、石填方。城墙顶部的马道上，都用大方砖铺面，可容六、七人并行。马道的陡坡，都用砖砌成梯形台阶，上下方便，不致于滑倒。这是金山岭长城建筑的独到之处。各位请看，马道上每隔两、三米远，就有一条排水沟，排水沟靠外侧的一端，有一个吐水嘴。这吐水嘴作用有二：一是用来排除雨水，防止雨水冲刷墙体；二是守城士兵从这里施放雷石，打击敌人。不知各位发现没有，有的地方城墙设里外两层。墙顶部靠内侧的一面，用砖砌成高1.5米的墙，叫宇墙，又叫女儿墙。墙顶部靠外侧的一面，用砖砌成高2米的墙，叫垛口墙。垛口墙每隔不远，就有一个旗孔，用来插军旗助威，或以旗作为传递军情的信号。无论内侧的宇墙，还是外侧的垛口墙，都设有上、中、下三层射击孔，可供士兵立着、跪着或卧着三种姿势射击来犯之敌。这又是金山岭长城建筑的独到之处。
另外，金山岭长城上，还可看到数不清的射击孔、了望孔，都饰以各种各样的图案：有桃形、箭头形、刀把形、锯齿形等等，一个个精巧别致，耐人寻味。请大家在游览的过程中细细观察。
(在东方台）
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联播之前播放的片头语长城和中央电视台自用广告
语：“传承文明，开拓创新”的背景长城，就是在这里拍摄的。这是金山岭的骄傲，也是万里长城的骄傲。金山岭长城自1986年开放以来，国家领导人曾多次视察。130多个国家驻华使节来观光游览。100多部影视作品展示了金山岭长城的雄姿。北京丽都、王府、凯宾斯基等几十家大饭店多次在这里开展越野攀登，举行篝火联欢、烟花晚会等各种文体娱乐活动。1998年9月，金山岭长城为来自13个国家的“雷励远征计划”活动的160多人在长城上举行大型酒会，取得圆满成功，给大家留下美好的印象。共3页,当前第1页1各位请看（指西方台），那就是台湾“飞人”柯受良1992年飞越长城的地方。当时39岁的柯受良，驾驶着“雅马哈”赛车，象凌空的雄鹰飞越过金山岭长城，成为中华飞跃长城第一人。
1995年10月6日，瑞典有一对青年在那里按中国风俗举行了隆重的婚礼。当时记者问他们为什么要在这里举行婚礼？他们说在长城上举行婚礼有一种特殊的意义，尤其这段长城景观奇特、雄伟壮观，愿自己的婚姻象长城一样牢固可靠。朋友们，你们中是否有人也想到这里举行婚礼，欢度难忘的一刻？如您已婚，也不要遗憾，到这里度金婚纪念日和银婚纪念日也一定终生难忘。
(障墙前的丁字路口）
刚才离开东方台时，有人问我，前面山脊上的那截长城很特别，在这里它起什么作用？现在我就告诉大家，这截高大的城墙叫“支墙”，确实是万里长城所罕见。它与前面的库房楼相通，是库房楼的第一道防线。如果敌兵来犯，守卫在支墙上的士兵可以最先与敌兵交火，万一抵挡不住，可以凭借支墙，边打边撤退，最后撤到库房楼里，继续与敌人战斗。（手指支墙前方两侧的烽火台）各位请看，支墙北面200米的两侧山头上，各有一个圆形的墩台。你们知道那是干什么用的吗？我告诉大家，那叫烽燧，就是烽火台。古代战时，利用它点火报警。夜里点的火叫烽，白天放的烟叫燧。
(在障墙处）
这就是障墙，是金山岭长城特有的设施。在金山岭长城的一些敌楼附近、横着在马道上筑有一道道短墙，这就叫障墙。障墙高2.5米左右，长差不多是马道宽度的三分之二。上面有望孔和射孔，万一敌人攻上长城，守城士兵可以据守障墙，进行抵抗和反击。
(进库房楼）
这座敌楼，就是鼎鼎有名的“库房楼”。它比一般敌楼大，在长城的军事设施上最富代表性。这座敌楼不仅有支墙、障墙等防卫设施，它的外侧还筑有一个半圆形战台，叫月城，上面设有密集的射击孔，这是库房楼的第三道防线。在距离障墙约50米的山坡上又筑有一道“挡马墙”，阻挡敌人的骑兵接近。“挡马墙”就是库房楼的第二道防线。这座楼防守如此严密，说明它不是一般的敌楼，可能是史料中记载的叫做“总台”的敌楼，因它旁边有座库房而被称“库房楼”。
(登上库房楼顶）
大家请看，长城多么象长长的巨龙，飞腾在险峰峻岭之间，昂首摆尾，气势磅礴。再请往四周眺望，您一定会有“风景这边独好”的感受：东面，燕山山脉第一峰──雾灵山，隐隐约约，象一位美丽的少女，婷婷玉立在青山之巅；望京楼，耸立于悬崖峭壁，像一位勇士，气冲霄汉；西面，卧虎岭象一只庞然大虎，守卫着首都北京的北大门──古北口，威风凛凛，势不可挡；南面，波光鳞鳞的密云水库，就象一面明镜，镶嵌在崇山峻岭之间，闪闪发亮；北面，静静卧着的“毛公山”，林涛云海，如催风涌浪，滚滚流向天边。在蓝天白云的衬托下，它们构成了一幅多么美丽的风景画！
(库房前）
各位请看，这座房子就叫库房。它长不过6.4米，宽也只有4米，形状跟北方民居没有两样。但请各位注意，这不是普通的房子，它是迄今为止，万里长城上唯一的一间小房，是珍贵的历史文物。据专家考证，是存军粮或弹药的库房。也有专家认为，是前线指挥官住宿的房子。究竟哪种意见正确，哪位朋友要是感兴趣的话，
欢迎
进行深入考证。(库房楼至西峪楼）
有人问我，这段长城为什么叫金山岭长城，真有金山吗？我现在利用这段时间，向大家作个介绍。
各位请朝我手指的方向看，对面石山上两座雄伟壮观的敌楼，就是大金山楼和小金山楼。据史料记载，抗倭名将戚继光从南方调到北方任蓟镇总兵官后，发现北方的士兵纪律松散，战斗力很差，于是他上书朝廷后，从南方调来三千士兵，作为军队骨干。这一招果然收到了良好的效果。据说，这两座敌楼就是这些士兵修筑的。他们把镇江的大、小金山名字借用到这里，以寄托对家乡的无限思念。正因为这段长城修建在大、小金山上，所以得名：金山岭长城。
说到敌楼，我要向各位介绍一下金山岭长城敌楼的两个显著的特点：密集和精美。在这10余公里的长城上，居然建有67座敌楼，敌楼与敌楼之间的距离，最长的200多米，最短的只有60米，密集程度，其他地段的长城无法相比。这些敌楼的建筑，处处体现民族特色，形式多样，精巧别致。有方形楼、扁形楼、圆形楼、拐角楼；有两眼楼、三眼楼、四眼楼、五眼楼、六眼楼；有平顶的、穹顶的、船蓬顶的、四角钻天和八角藻井的。造型奇特的猫眼楼，真像蹲在山头上的一只猫，两个了望孔，就象猫的两只眼睛。大金山楼上层那一间仿木制的砖砌小铺房、椽、檩、檐都是用青砖磨制而成，如果不细心看，真以为是木头制的呢。小金山楼的楼门，设计和建造得简直让人难以寻找，如果不动一番心思，是不能进入楼内的。可能是人们特别喜欢这些建造艺术精美的敌楼，他们几乎给每一座敌楼都起了一个形象鲜明、含意深刻、美妙动听的名字，如：望京楼、桃春楼、仙女楼、将军楼……等等。共3页,当前第2页2
这位小姐（先生）问哪座是望京楼？请朝我手指的方向看，远处那最高的山峰上，立着的那座敌楼，就是望京楼。……哦，你们问山那么高，那么陡，砖石怎么运上去？这还真有一个故事呢。
当年修望京楼时，材料齐备，可是建楼的基石运不上去。千总张永安命令士兵、民夫往上抬，不但没办到，还造成人员伤亡。大家急得团团转。
一天夜里，哨兵发现，山下有个闪着绿光的东西在移动，就邀十几个伙伴，壮着胆子去察看。他们发现是一个大乌龟，直径足有5尺多。“呀！这么大的龟啊！”其中一个士兵说，“咱们何不请它来帮忙？”于是他们把上千斤重的条石抬到龟背上。只见大龟伸伸脖子，弓了弓腰，就往山顶爬去。大家高喊：“真是神龟助咱呀！”接连几天，神龟把条石一块块运上山顶。当运送最后一块时，它爬到半山腰，再也走不动了。大龟变成了石龟，它所在的山就被称作龟石山。
这毕竟是神话。那么，修望京楼用的条石，到底是怎么运上去的呢？据专家考证，主要是采用铁索绞、滚杠滚、撬棍撬并用的办法，把这些条石一块一块运到山顶上。
(在西峪楼）
现在我们来到了西峪楼。你们看，断壁残垣，碎砖成堆，给人一种凄凉的感觉。也许有人要问，为什么不把它修复原样？这是开辟旅游景点，重修这段长城时，故意留下的破楼。有人说，它毁坏于日本侵略者的铁蹄；有人说，它坍塌于国民党军队的枪炮。看着这断壁残恒，是不是仿佛听到了当年的枪炮声；看着这残垣断壁，是不是真切体会到和平的珍贵？许多游人到此，非在这里留影纪念不可。现在给大家留一段时间，好好在这里拍照吧。
大家都拍完照了，好，现在我们从这个地门出去。因为台阶窄，石级高，请各位互相照应，慢慢往下走。
(沙岭口）
各位朋友，请抬头看。在我们的上前方又有一座敌楼，人们叫它黑楼。黑楼的建筑是很特别的。金山岭长城上的其它敌楼，大都是双层，楼的东西两侧各设一个楼门。而黑楼分上、中、下三层，楼西面的楼门设在地下，叫地门。地门内有一条狭窄的暗道，暗道内用砖头砌成的台阶，直通二楼和三楼。战争时期，地门紧闭，暗道口用木板盖严。敌兵难以攻入楼内。万一地门被攻破，守卫在二、三楼的士兵，也可以居高临下，将敌兵消灭在暗道之中。
为什么叫黑楼呢？传说，当年戚继光主持修筑金山岭长城时，宁夏的一位老将军也领兵前来修筑长城。将军的夫人已经过世，身边只有一个独生女，名叫黑姑。黑姑担心父亲年迈体弱，支撑不住，再三请求，随父亲一同前往。将军考虑再三，只好应允。
黑姑随父跋山涉水，来到金山岭后，看到士兵们不畏艰难险阻，每天早出晚归，深受感动。她不顾父亲和士兵们的劝阻，毅然投入修长城的劳动中。她不怕苦、不怕累，搬砖运石，一点也不比士兵差，手磨出血泡也不休息。早晚还抽空帮士兵缝补衣裳，深得士兵的爱戴。
不料，黑姑和士兵们刚修好的一座敌楼，被雷击中，燃起熊熊烈火。黑姑二话没说，首先冲进火海奋力抢救，不幸被烈火烧死。
士兵们流着眼泪，把这不幸的消息报告给老将军，并为没照顾好黑姑表示歉意。老将军忍受着极大的悲痛，对士兵们说：“黑姑为国捐躯，死得其所。”
士兵们把黑姑的遗体埋葬以后，又在原来敌楼的基础上，重建一座砖石结构的敌楼。为了永远纪念黑姑，士兵们把这座敌楼名为黑姑楼。后来，传来传去年代久了，少了个“姑”字，就叫成黑楼了。
故事就讲到这里。一会儿，咱们就从这沙岭口下山。现在，我建议大家来个登城比赛，看谁先登上黑楼。
(下沙岭口）
万里长城是世界七大奇迹之一，她是中国人民智慧和血汗的结晶，是伟大的历史丰碑。由于时间关系，今天只能游览到这里，不知各位是不是领略到金山岭长城的“长”和“雄伟”了，不知您是否也会发出“长城万里，金山独秀的”感慨呢！
金山岭的好景观还有许多，如“通天洞”、“天泉”、“压龟石”、“瘦驴脊”、“登天梯”……等等。
欢迎
朋友们再来，来金山岭旅游、度假、探险、考察……如果您春天来，会看到满山遍野的绿色中，点缀着桃花、杏花、樱桃花等各种花朵，万紫千红，微风吹来，还能闻到浓浓的花香。如果是夏天来，您看那葱葱绿树，听潺潺流水，顿觉气清身爽；看那五颜六色的彩霞，雨后美丽的彩虹，您会兴高采烈。如果您秋天到这，漫山红遍，层林尽染的景象让您目不遐接，那些挂满山榛子、山里红、山核桃等果实的枝头，会向您招手，如果您冬天到金山岭登高远望，那蜿蜒起伏的长城，就象飘落在千山万岭中的一条白玉带，那一座座敌楼，就象镶在玉带上的一颗颗珍珠，在阳光照射下熠熠生辉。此情此景，能不使您流连忘返吗？
朋友们，今天我就介绍到这儿。现在我用一首歌来欢送大家：“到了离别时刻，才知时光短暂，纵有千言万语，也难诉心中留恋，再见，再见，等到相会的那一天……” 共3页,当前第3页3
北京长城英文导游词
the great wall, like the pyramids of egypt, the taj mahal(1) in india and the hanging garden of babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. starting out in the east on the banks of the yalu river in liaoning province, the wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to jiayuguan in the gobi desert, thus known as the ten thousand li wall in china. the wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the yanshan and yinshan mountain chains through five provinces-liaoning, hebei, shanxi, shaanxi, and gansu--and two autonomous regions--ningxia and inner mongolia, binding the northern china together.
historical records trace the construction of the origin of the wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 b.c. during the reign of king cheng of the states of chu. its construction continued throughout the warring states period in the fifth century b.c. when ducal states yan, zhao, wei, and qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the yinshan and yanshan mountain ranges. walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. later in 221 b.c., when qin conquered the other states and unified china, emperor qinshihuang ordered the connection of these inspanidual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. as a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the yinshan range in the han dynasty(206 bc--1644 bc.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. in the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the wall. the most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the ming dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the ming dynasty wall that visitors see today. the great wall is spanided into two sections, the east and west, with shanxi province as the spaniding line. the west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. in the eastern part, the core of the wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. the most imposing and best preserved sections of the great wall are at badaling and mutianyu, not far from beijing and both are open to visitors. the wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. there are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. the top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. the highest watch-tower at badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven". the view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. the wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. a signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. this consisted of beacon towers on the wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the wall. at the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.
emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing. known as "tian xia di yi guan" (the first pass under heaven), shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to the manchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-1911) jiayuguan pass was not so much as the "strategic pass under the heaven" as an important communication center in chinese history. cleft between the snow-capped qilian mountains and the rolling mazong mountains, it was on the ancient silk road. zhang qian, the first envoy of emperor wu di of the western han dynasty (206 b.c-24 a.d), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. the gate-tower of jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. it has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. it has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. on each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. juyongguan, a gateway to ancient beijing from inner mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. the cavalrymen of genghis khan swept through it in the 13th century. at the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the cloud terrace, which was called the crossing-street dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the yuan daynasty(1206-1368). at the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. the vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient chinese carving. the gate jambs bear a multi-lingual buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in sanskrit(3), tibetan, mongolian, uigur(4), han chinese and the language of western xia. undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of buddhism and ancient languages. as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but to the world. the venice charter says: "historical and cultural architecture not only includes the inspanidual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site. 共2页,当前第1页1
notes:1. the taj mahal in india 印度的泰姬陵2. the hanging garden of babylon 巴比伦的空中花园3. sanskrit 梵语4. uigur 维吾尔语
there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing.
known as "tian xia di yi guan" (the first pass under heaven), shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to themanchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-1911)
jiayuguan pass was not so much as the "strategic pass under the heaven" as an important communication center in chinese history. cleft between the snow-capped qilian mountains and the rolling mazong mountains, it was on the ancient silk road. zhang qian, the first envoy of emperor wu di of the western han dynasty (206 b.c-24 a.d), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. the gate-tower of jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. it has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. it has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. on each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each.
juyongguan, a gateway to ancient beijing from inner mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. the cavalrymen of genghis khan swept through it in the 13th century. at the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the cloud terrace, which was called the crossing-street dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the yuan daynasty(1206-1368). at the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. the vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient chinese carving. the gate jambs bear a multi-lingual buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in sanskrit(3), tibetan, mongolian, uigur(4), han chinese and the language of western xia. undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of buddhism and ancient languages.
as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but to the world. the venice charter says: "historical and cultural architecture not only includes the inspanidual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site.
北京长城英文导游词
the great wall, like the pyramids of egypt, the taj mahal(1) in india and the hanging garden of babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. starting out in the east on the banks of the yalu river in liaoning province, the wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to jiayuguan in the gobi desert, thus known as the ten thousand li wall in china. the wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the yanshan and yinshan mountain chains through five provinces-liaoning, hebei, shanxi, shaanxi, and gansu--and two autonomous regions--ningxia and inner mongolia, binding the northern china together.
historical records trace the construction of the origin of the wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 b.c. during the reign of king cheng of the states of chu. its construction continued throughout the warring states period in the fifth century b.c. when ducal states yan, zhao, wei, and qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the yinshan and yanshan mountain ranges. walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. later in 221 b.c., when qin conquered the other states and unified china, emperor qinshihuang ordered the connection of these inspanidual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. as a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the yinshan range in the han dynasty(206 bc--1644 bc.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. in the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the wall. the most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the ming dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the ming dynasty wall that visitors see today. the great wall is spanided into two sections, the east and west, with shanxi province as the spaniding line. the west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. in the eastern part, the core of the wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. the most imposing and best preserved sections of the great wall are at badaling and mutianyu, not far from beijing and both are open to visitors. the wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. there are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. the top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. the highest watch-tower at badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven". the view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. the wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. a signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. this consisted of beacon towers on the wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the wall. at the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.
emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing. known as "tian xia di yi guan" (the first pass under heaven), shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to the manchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-1911) jiayuguan pass was not so much as the "strategic pass under the heaven" as an important communication center in chinese history. cleft between the snow-capped qilian mountains and the rolling mazong mountains, it was on the ancient silk road. zhang qian, the first envoy of emperor wu di of the western han dynasty (206 b.c-24 a.d), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. the gate-tower of jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. it has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. it has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. on each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. juyongguan, a gateway to ancient beijing from inner mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. the cavalrymen of genghis khan swept through it in the 13th century. at the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the cloud terrace, which was called the crossing-street dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the yuan daynasty(1206-1368). at the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. the vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient chinese carving. the gate jambs bear a multi-lingual buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in sanskrit(3), tibetan, mongolian, uigur(4), han chinese and the language of western xia. undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of buddhism and ancient languages. as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but to the world. the venice charter says: "historical and cultural architecture not only includes the inspanidual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site. 共2页,当前第1页1
notes:1. the taj mahal in india 印度的泰姬陵2. the hanging garden of babylon 巴比伦的空中花园3. sanskrit 梵语4. uigur 维吾尔语
there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing.
known as "tian xia di yi guan" (the first pass under heaven), shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to themanchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-1911)
jiayuguan pass was not so much as the "strategic pass under the heaven" as an important communication center in chinese history. cleft between the snow-capped qilian mountains and the rolling mazong mountains, it was on the ancient silk road. zhang qian, the first envoy of emperor wu di of the western han dynasty (206 b.c-24 a.d), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. the gate-tower of jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. it has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. it has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. on each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each.
juyongguan, a gateway to ancient beijing from inner mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. the cavalrymen of genghis khan swept through it in the 13th century. at the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the cloud terrace, which was called the crossing-street dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the yuan daynasty(1206-1368). at the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. the vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient chinese carving. the gate jambs bear a multi-lingual buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in sanskrit(3), tibetan, mongolian, uigur(4), han chinese and the language of western xia. undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of buddhism and ancient languages.
as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but to the world. the venice charter says: "historical and cultural architecture not only includes the inspanidual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site.
悬空寺导游词
在中国众多的寺庙中，山西恒山的悬空寺称得上是奇妙的建筑。一般寺庙都建在平地上，但这座悬空寺却是名副其实，建在悬崖峭壁上，悬在半空之中。 其设计思想真绝，其建筑艺术真高。
悬空寺位于山西省浑源县，是在悬崖上凿洞，插入木梁，寺的一部分建筑就架在这一根根木梁之上，另一部分则利用突出的岩石作为它的基础。游人在远处见不到这些木梁，却见到不少细木斜顶住寺的底层。游人会想：这些颤颤悠悠的木柱能顶得住这样一座寺庙吗？当人们仔细观察，发现承受重量的除了木柱外，还有那些插入岩石的巨大木梁后，对古代匠师的智慧，不得不由衷地发出感叹和敬佩了。悬空寺始建于北魏后期，距今约1400年。历代都重修，但原来的结构都没有改变。
前人介绍悬空寺，概括为：“面对恒山，背倚翠屏；上载危岩，下临深谷； 凿石为基，就岩起屋；结构惊险，造型奇特。”
进寺后，有楼梯可攀登上楼，这里并不显得多么惊险，但当你在楼上，沿着紧贴在崖壁的通道，由南往北走，通过一条栈道，走到北边的那座三层三檐的楼阁时，就会发现这里地势已相当高。往上望，“上载危岩”；往下看，“下临深谷”，脚下的楼板又有晃动的感觉，真是惊心动魄，惊险之至。 建在崖壁上的殿堂进深都较小，殿内的塑像形体也相对缩小，但比例适度，表情丰富，很有艺术价值。寺中共有殿堂40余处，都是木结构，其位置部署，对称中有变化，分散中有联络。游人们在廊栏间行走，如如迷宫，甚至会找不到出路。这正是其建筑构思的一个特色，既不呆板，又不零乱，给人以曲折玄妙之感。该文章由(第一§范┆文网)整理；
在寺的栈道石壁上，刻有“公输天巧”四个大字，赞赏悬空寺的建造技艺。公输就是鲁班，也叫公输班，春秋
战国
时代人，被认为是建筑工匠的祖师爷。这四个字是说，这座建筑物简直是鲁班那样巧夺天工的匠师所为。
