我很新的angularJS。试图测试与httpBackend角度服务，但不能让它的工作。我究竟做错了什么？试穿所以有类似问题的其他答案，但我得到的最接近于在下列（仍无法正常工作，外部数据是不确定的）：

xApp.services.js

 使用严格的;VAR的服务= angular.module（'xApp.services'，[]）;services.factory（'Xservice的'，函数（$ HTTP，$位置）{    VAR urlPath = $ location.path（）||的http：//本地主机：8000';    VAR XDATA;    VAR getXData =功能（）{        VAR承诺= $ http.get（urlPath +'/ XDATA'）            。然后（功能（RES）{                XDATA = res.data;                返回XDATA;            }）;        返回的承诺;    };    返回{       getXData：getXData    };}）; 

xServiceSpec.js

 描述（'Xservice的'，函数（）{    beforeEach（模块（'xApp.services'））;    变量$ httpBackend;    VAR XDATA;    beforeEach（注入（函数（$喷油器）{        $ httpBackend = $ injector.get（'$ httpBackend'）;        $ httpBackend.when（GET，/ XDATA'）。反应（            {                _id：25，                名称：测试名                xarr：                    {                        _id：11，                        名称：TestArrName                        发布：2013年9月29日                    }                ]            }        ）;        $ httpBackend.when（'POST'，'/newXArr').respond(\"ok）;    }））;    beforeEach（注（功能（Xservice的）{        xService.getXData（）。然后（功能（数据）{            XDATA =数据;        }）;    }））;    描述（定义，函数（）{        它（'应该叫'注入（功能（Xservice的）{            xService.getXData（）。然后（功能（数据）{                XDATA =数据;            }）;            期待（XDATA）.toBeDefined（）;        }））;    }）;}）; 

解决方案

由于@EduardGamonal在他的评论中提到的，你需要调用 $ httpBackend.flush（），但你应该把它的之后的你犯了一个HTTP请求，即在 xService.getXData（）;否则，就不会有优秀的HTTP请求来处理，因此$ httpBackend会给你没有挂起请求刷新的错误。

I am quite new to angularJS. Trying to test an angular service with httpBackend but can't get it working. What am I doing wrong? Tried other answers on SO having similar issues, but the closest I got to was the following (still not working, the xData is undefined):

xApp.services.js

'use strict';
var services = angular.module('xApp.services', []);
services.factory('xService', function ($http, $location) {
    var urlPath = $location.path() || 'http://localhost:8000';
    var xData;

    var getXData = function () {
        var promise = $http.get(urlPath + '/xData')
            .then(function (res) {
                xData = res.data;
                return xData;
            });
        return promise;
    };
    return {
       getXData:  getXData
    };
});

xServiceSpec.js

describe('xService', function () {
    beforeEach(module('xApp.services'));
    var $httpBackend;
    var xData;
    beforeEach(inject(function ($injector) {
        $httpBackend = $injector.get('$httpBackend');
        $httpBackend.when('GET', '/xData').respond(
            {
                _id: 25,
                name: "TestName",
                xarr: [
                    {
                        _id: 11,
                        name: "TestArrName",
                        created: "2013-09-29"
                    }
                ]
            }
        );
        $httpBackend.when('POST', '/newXArr').respond("ok");
    }));

    beforeEach(inject(function (xService) {
        xService.getXData().then(function (data) {
            xData = data;
        });
    }));

    describe('definition', function () {
        it('should be called', inject(function (xService) {
            xService.getXData().then(function (data) {
                xData = data;
            });
            expect(xData).toBeDefined();
        }));
    });
});    

As @EduardGamonal mentioned in his comment, you need to call $httpBackend.flush(), but you should call it after you made a http request, that is after xService.getXData(); otherwise, there will be no outstanding http request to handle, so $httpBackend will give you the "No pending request to flush" error.