JavaFX的3D - 如何使用3D对象和子场景与UI控件设置不同的摄像机组?如何使用、控件、机组、场景

2023-09-08 10:32:06 作者:相见恨晚

由于在JavaFX的8个新的功能,就有可能结合2D UI控件3D对象。

Due to new features in JavaFX 8, it became possible to combine 3D objects with 2D UI controls.

我用这个文件作为手册:的JavaFX教程, 探索JavaFX的3D 。

I used this documents as manuals: JavaFX Tutorial, Exploring JavaFX 3D.

于是,我做了这个code:

So, I made this code:

public class CastAnalytics extends Application {

    final Group root = new Group();
    final Group axisGroup = new Group();
    final XForm world = new XForm();
    final PerspectiveCamera camera = new PerspectiveCamera(true);
    final PerspectiveCamera subSceneCamera = new PerspectiveCamera(false);
    final XForm cameraXForm = new XForm();
    final XForm cameraXForm2 = new XForm();
    final XForm cameraXForm3 = new XForm();
    final double cameraDistance = 450;
    final XForm moleculeGroup = new XForm();
    private Timeline timeline;
    boolean timelinePlaying = false;
    double CONTROL_MULTIPLIER = 0.1;
    double SHIFT_MULTIPLIER = 0.1;
    double ALT_MULTIPLIER = 0.5;
    double mousePosX;
    double mousePosY;
    double mouseOldX;
    double mouseOldY;
    double mouseDeltaX;
    double mouseDeltaY;

    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception{
        buildScene();
        buildCamera();
        buildAxes();

        Scene scene = new Scene(root, 1024, 768, true);
        scene.setFill(Color.GREY);
        handleKeyboard(scene, world);
        handleMouse(scene, world);

        primaryStage.setTitle("Sample Application");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();


        scene.setCamera(subSceneCamera);
        scene.setCamera(camera);
    }

    private void buildScene() {
        root.getChildren().add(world);

        Label label = new Label("123");
        HBox hBox = new HBox();
        hBox.getChildren().add(label);
        SubScene subScene =  new SubScene(hBox, 200, 200);
        subScene.setLayoutX(100);
        subScene.setLayoutY(100);

        root.getChildren().addAll(subScene);
    }

    private void buildCamera() {
        root.getChildren().addAll(cameraXForm);
        cameraXForm.getChildren().add(cameraXForm2);
        cameraXForm2.getChildren().add(cameraXForm3);
        cameraXForm3.getChildren().add(camera);
        cameraXForm3.setRotateZ(180.0);

        camera.setNearClip(0.1);
        camera.setFarClip(10000.0);
        camera.setTranslateZ(-cameraDistance);
        cameraXForm.ry.setAngle(320.0);
        cameraXForm.rx.setAngle(40);
    }

    private void buildAxes() {
        Box box = new Box(200,200,200);


        axisGroup.getChildren().addAll(box);
        world.getChildren().addAll(axisGroup);
    }

    private void handleMouse(Scene scene, final Node root) {
        scene.setOnMousePressed(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
            @Override public void handle(MouseEvent me) {
                mousePosX = me.getSceneX();
                mousePosY = me.getSceneY();
                mouseOldX = me.getSceneX();
                mouseOldY = me.getSceneY();
            }
        });
        scene.setOnMouseDragged(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
            @Override
            public void handle(MouseEvent me) {
                mouseOldX = mousePosX;
                mouseOldY = mousePosY;
                mousePosX = me.getSceneX();
                mousePosY = me.getSceneY();
                mouseDeltaX = (mousePosX - mouseOldX);
                mouseDeltaY = (mousePosY - mouseOldY);

                double modifier = 1.0;
                double modifierFactor = 0.1;

                if (me.isControlDown()) {
                    modifier = 0.1;
                }
                if (me.isShiftDown()) {
                    modifier = 10.0;
                }
                if (me.isPrimaryButtonDown()) {
                    cameraXForm.ry.setAngle(cameraXForm.ry.getAngle() - mouseDeltaX * modifierFactor * modifier * 2.0);  // +
                    cameraXForm.rx.setAngle(cameraXForm.rx.getAngle() + mouseDeltaY * modifierFactor * modifier * 2.0);  // -
                } else if (me.isSecondaryButtonDown()) {
                    double z = camera.getTranslateZ();
                    double newZ = z + mouseDeltaX * modifierFactor * modifier;
                    camera.setTranslateZ(newZ);
                } else if (me.isMiddleButtonDown()) {
                    cameraXForm2.t.setX(cameraXForm2.t.getX() + mouseDeltaX * modifierFactor * modifier * 0.3);  // -
                    cameraXForm2.t.setY(cameraXForm2.t.getY() + mouseDeltaY * modifierFactor * modifier * 0.3);  // -
                }
            }
        });
    }

    private void handleKeyboard(Scene scene, final Node root) {
        final boolean moveCamera = true;
        scene.setOnKeyPressed(new EventHandler<KeyEvent>() {
            @Override
            public void handle(KeyEvent event) {
                Duration currentTime;
                switch (event.getCode()) {
                    case Z:
                        if (event.isShiftDown()) {
                            cameraXForm.ry.setAngle(0.0);
                            cameraXForm.rx.setAngle(0.0);
                            camera.setTranslateZ(-300.0);
                        }
                        cameraXForm2.t.setX(0.0);
                        cameraXForm2.t.setY(0.0);
                        break;
                    case X:
                        if (event.isControlDown()) {
                            if (axisGroup.isVisible()) {
                                axisGroup.setVisible(false);
                            } else {
                                axisGroup.setVisible(true);
                            }
                        }
                        break;
                    case S:
                        if (event.isControlDown()) {
                            if (moleculeGroup.isVisible()) {
                                moleculeGroup.setVisible(false);
                            } else {
                                moleculeGroup.setVisible(true);
                            }
                        }
                        break;
                    case SPACE:
                        if (timelinePlaying) {
                            timeline.pause();
                            timelinePlaying = false;
                        } else {
                            timeline.play();
                            timelinePlaying = true;
                        }
                        break;
                    case UP:
                        if (event.isControlDown() && event.isShiftDown()) {
                            cameraXForm2.t.setY(cameraXForm2.t.getY() - 10.0 * CONTROL_MULTIPLIER);
                        } else if (event.isAltDown() && event.isShiftDown()) {
                            cameraXForm.rx.setAngle(cameraXForm.rx.getAngle() - 10.0 * ALT_MULTIPLIER);
                        } else if (event.isControlDown()) {
                            cameraXForm2.t.setY(cameraXForm2.t.getY() - 1.0 * CONTROL_MULTIPLIER);
                        } else if (event.isAltDown()) {
                            cameraXForm.rx.setAngle(cameraXForm.rx.getAngle() - 2.0 * ALT_MULTIPLIER);
                        } else if (event.isShiftDown()) {
                            double z = camera.getTranslateZ();
                            double newZ = z + 5.0 * SHIFT_MULTIPLIER;
                            camera.setTranslateZ(newZ);
                        }
                        break;
                    case DOWN:
                        if (event.isControlDown() && event.isShiftDown()) {
                            cameraXForm2.t.setY(cameraXForm2.t.getY() + 10.0 * CONTROL_MULTIPLIER);
                        } else if (event.isAltDown() && event.isShiftDown()) {
                            cameraXForm.rx.setAngle(cameraXForm.rx.getAngle() + 10.0 * ALT_MULTIPLIER);
                        } else if (event.isControlDown()) {
                            cameraXForm2.t.setY(cameraXForm2.t.getY() + 1.0 * CONTROL_MULTIPLIER);
                        } else if (event.isAltDown()) {
                            cameraXForm.rx.setAngle(cameraXForm.rx.getAngle() + 2.0 * ALT_MULTIPLIER);
                        } else if (event.isShiftDown()) {
                            double z = camera.getTranslateZ();
                            double newZ = z - 5.0 * SHIFT_MULTIPLIER;
                            camera.setTranslateZ(newZ);
                        }
                        break;
                    case RIGHT:
                        if (event.isControlDown() && event.isShiftDown()) {
                            cameraXForm2.t.setX(cameraXForm2.t.getX() + 10.0 * CONTROL_MULTIPLIER);
                        } else if (event.isAltDown() && event.isShiftDown()) {
                            cameraXForm.ry.setAngle(cameraXForm.ry.getAngle() - 10.0 * ALT_MULTIPLIER);
                        } else if (event.isControlDown()) {
                            cameraXForm2.t.setX(cameraXForm2.t.getX() + 1.0 * CONTROL_MULTIPLIER);
                        } else if (event.isAltDown()) {
                            cameraXForm.ry.setAngle(cameraXForm.ry.getAngle() - 2.0 * ALT_MULTIPLIER);
                        }
                        break;
                    case LEFT:
                        if (event.isControlDown() && event.isShiftDown()) {
                            cameraXForm2.t.setX(cameraXForm2.t.getX() - 10.0 * CONTROL_MULTIPLIER);
                        } else if (event.isAltDown() && event.isShiftDown()) {
                            cameraXForm.ry.setAngle(cameraXForm.ry.getAngle() + 10.0 * ALT_MULTIPLIER);  // -
                        } else if (event.isControlDown()) {
                            cameraXForm2.t.setX(cameraXForm2.t.getX() - 1.0 * CONTROL_MULTIPLIER);
                        } else if (event.isAltDown()) {
                            cameraXForm.ry.setAngle(cameraXForm.ry.getAngle() + 2.0 * ALT_MULTIPLIER);  // -
                        }
                        break;
                }
            }
        });
    }



    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
}

但TE结果不是我所期待的。我想有面板的3D对象上面的UI控件,但我得到的是这样的:

But te result isn't that what I expected. I wanted to have Pane for UI controls above the 3D object, but what I get is this:

我是什么做错了吗?

推荐答案

这是我从(有限的)测试中,我做了了解,有两种选择:

From what I understand from the (limited) tests I have done, there are two options:

有一个子场景设置一个照相机和该子场景添加到根。将要使用仅一个照相机。你的世界将是一个单独的小组和飞行/旋转摄影机视图将要被改变世界组来实现。

Set a camera for a sub-scene and add that sub-scene to the root. You will be using only one camera. Your world will have to be a separate group and flying/pivoting camera view will have to be accomplished by transforming the world group.

文件使用JavaFX JIRA的bug报告。

File a bug report with JavaFX jira.

我没有成功使用一个单独的相机作为子场景的相机。没有施加到照相机或子场景本身变换以往转动一个子场景从一个类似于在截图默认位置。在这一点上与甲骨文没有释放任何子的场景文件,我们只能等待,直到他们坦白并填补国内空白。在此之前,我们可以考虑在JavaFX的3D子场景的支持打破了。

I was not successful using a separate camera as a sub-scene camera. No transforms applied to the camera or a sub-scene itself ever rotated a sub-scene from the default position similar to the one in your screenshot. At this point with Oracle not releasing any sub-scene documentation, we can only wait till they come clean and fill the gaps. Until then we can consider subscene support in JavaFX 3D broken.