我已经修改了 MSDN 的例子，以反映我的问题。

I have modified the MSDN example to reflect my problem.

当使用一个命名空间，我不能获取文档验证，因为我希望和验证文档时，这并不有它验证不管是否有其错误或没有命名空间。

When using a namespace I can't get the document to validate as I would expect and when validating a document that doesnt have a namespace it validates regardless of whether or not it has an error in it or not.

Dim errors As Boolean = False

Private Sub XSDErrors(ByVal o As Object, ByVal e As ValidationEventArgs)
    Console.WriteLine("{0}", e.Message)
    errors = True
End Sub

Private Function AddNameSpace(ByVal xDoc As XDocument, ByVal ns As XNamespace) As XDocument
    For Each element As XElement In xDoc.Descendants
        element.Name = ns + element.Name.LocalName
    Next
    Return xDoc
End Function

Sub Main()
    Dim xsdMarkup As XElement = _
        <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema' xmlns="http://somenamespace.com" targetNamespace="http://somenamespace.com">
            <xsd:element name='Root'>
                <xsd:complexType>
                    <xsd:sequence>
                        <xsd:element name='Child1' minOccurs='1' maxOccurs='1'/>
                        <xsd:element name='Child2' minOccurs='1' maxOccurs='1'/>
                    </xsd:sequence>
                </xsd:complexType>
            </xsd:element>
        </xsd:schema>
    Dim schemas As XmlSchemaSet = New XmlSchemaSet()
    schemas.Add("http://somenamespace.com", xsdMarkup.CreateReader)

    Dim doc1 As XDocument = _
        <?xml version='1.0'?>
        <Root>
            <Child1>content1</Child1>
            <Child2>content1</Child2>
        </Root>

    Dim doc2 As XDocument = _
        <?xml version='1.0'?>
        <Root>
            <Child1>content1</Child1>
            <Child3>content1</Child3>
        </Root>

    Dim ns As XNamespace = "http://somenamespace.com"
    doc1 = AddNameSpace(doc1, ns)

    Console.WriteLine("Validating doc1")
    errors = False
    doc1.Validate(schemas, AddressOf XSDErrors)
    Console.WriteLine("doc1 {0}", IIf(errors = True, "did not validate", "validated"))

    Console.WriteLine()
    Console.WriteLine("Validating doc2")
    errors = False
    doc2.Validate(schemas, AddressOf XSDErrors)
    Console.WriteLine("doc2 {0}", IIf(errors = True, "did not validate", "validated"))

End Sub

输出：

验证DOC1

元素'根'在命名空间http://somenamespace.com具有无效的子元素Child1在命名空间http://somenamespace.com。可能元素的列表预计：Child1。

The element 'Root' in namespace 'http://somenamespace.com' has invalid child element 'Child1' in namespace 'http://somenamespace.com'. List of possible elements expected: 'Child1'.

DOC1没有验证

验证DOC2

DOC2验证

推荐答案

那么你将需要添加将elementFormDefault =合格来您的模式（在 XSD：架构元素），如果你希望你的 DOC1 ，你把命名空间的每个元素上是有效的。有了您的当前模式的有效实例将之一，在根是目标名称，但 ChildX 元素中没有命名空间。

Well you will need to add elementFormDefault="qualified" to your schema (on the xsd:schema element) if you want your doc1 where you put the namespace on each element to be valid. With your current schema a valid instance would be one where the Root is in the targetNamespace but the ChildX elements are in no namespace.

第二个问题是一个已知的问题与模式验证和命名空间中，验证解析器查找匹配的模式根元素，如果是没有的，它确实宽松验证，所以你没有得到一个验证错误。使用的XmlReader API，你可以要求警告在这种情况下释放的，但是我不知道该怎么做，与验证方法。所以你需要code像

The second issue is a known problem with schema validation and namespaces, the validating parser looks for a matching schema for the root element, if there is none that it does lax validation so you don't get a validation error. With the XmlReader API you can ask for warning to be emitted in that case but I don't know how to do that with the Validate method. So you would need code like

Imports System
Imports System.Xml
Imports System.Xml.Linq
Imports System.Xml.Schema

Module Module1

    Dim errors As Boolean = False

    Private Sub XSDErrors(ByVal o As Object, ByVal e As ValidationEventArgs)
        Console.WriteLine("{0}", e.Message)
        errors = True
    End Sub

    Private Function AddNameSpace(ByVal xDoc As XDocument, ByVal ns As XNamespace) As XDocument
        For Each element As XElement In xDoc.Descendants
            element.Name = ns + element.Name.LocalName
        Next
        Return xDoc
    End Function

    Sub Main()
        Dim xsdMarkup As XElement = _
            <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema' xmlns="http://somenamespace.com" targetNamespace="http://somenamespace.com" elementFormDefault="qualified">
                <xsd:element name='Root'>
                    <xsd:complexType>
                        <xsd:sequence>
                            <xsd:element name='Child1' minOccurs='1' maxOccurs='1'/>
                            <xsd:element name='Child2' minOccurs='1' maxOccurs='1'/>
                        </xsd:sequence>
                    </xsd:complexType>
                </xsd:element>
            </xsd:schema>
        Dim schemas As XmlSchemaSet = New XmlSchemaSet()
        schemas.Add("http://somenamespace.com", xsdMarkup.CreateReader)

        Dim doc1 As XDocument = _
            <?xml version='1.0'?>
            <Root>
                <Child1>content1</Child1>
                <Child2>content1</Child2>
            </Root>

        Dim doc2 As XDocument = _
            <?xml version='1.0'?>
            <Root>
                <Child1>content1</Child1>
                <Child3>content1</Child3>
            </Root>

        Dim ns As XNamespace = "http://somenamespace.com"
        doc1 = AddNameSpace(doc1, ns)

        Console.WriteLine("Validating doc1")
        errors = False
        doc1.Validate(schemas, AddressOf XSDErrors)
        Console.WriteLine("doc1 {0}", IIf(errors = True, "did not validate", "validated"))

        Console.WriteLine()
        Console.WriteLine("Validating doc2")
        Dim xrs As New XmlReaderSettings()
        xrs.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema
        xrs.ValidationFlags = xrs.ValidationFlags Or XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ReportValidationWarnings
        xrs.Schemas = schemas
        AddHandler xrs.ValidationEventHandler, AddressOf XSDErrors
        errors = False
        Using xr1 As XmlReader = doc2.CreateReader()
            Using xr2 As XmlReader = XmlReader.Create(xr1, xrs)
                While xr2.Read()

                End While
            End Using
        End Using
        Console.WriteLine("doc2 {0}", IIf(errors = True, "did not validate", "validated"))

    End Sub

End Module